In a driver pair, one driver handles general tasks that are common to a whole collection of devices, while the other driver handles tasks that are specific to an individual device. The drivers that handle device-specific tasks go by a variety of names, including miniport driver, miniclass driver, and minidriver. Microsoft provides the general driver, and typically an independent hardware vendor provides the specific driver.
Every kernel-mode driver must implement a function named DriverEntry , which gets called shortly after the driver is loaded. Typically the driver fills in several members of the MajorFunction array with pointers to functions implemented by the driver that handle various kinds of IRPs. The constants that identify major function code serve as indices in the MajorFunction array.
The following example shows how to use the! In the debugger output, you can see that parport. GsDriverEntry , which was generated automatically when the driver was built, performs some initialization and then calls DriverEntry , which was implemented by the driver developer. You can also see that the parport driver in its DriverEntry function provides pointers to dispatch functions for these major function codes:. The remaining elements of the MajorFunction array hold pointers to the default dispatch function nt!
In the debugger output, you can see that the parport driver provided function pointers for Unload and AddDevice , but did not provide a function pointer for StartIo. The following diagram illustrates the function pointers that the parport driver provided in its DriverEntry function. The function pointers provided by parport are shaded. Over a period of time, as driver developers inside and outside of Microsoft gained experience with the Windows Driver Model WDM , they realized a couple of things about dispatch functions:.
To make things easier for driver developers, Microsoft created several technology-specific driver models. Deserialized drivers serialize the operation of their own MiniportXxx functions and that internally queue all incoming send packets. This results in significantly better full-duplex performance, provided that the driver's critical sections code that only a single thread at a time can run are kept small.
Connection-oriented miniport drivers are always deserialized -- they always serialize the operation of their own MiniportXxx functions and queue internally all incoming send packets. At its upper edge, the miniport driver exposes a standard NDIS miniport driver interface, which enables the miniport driver to communicate with overlying NDIS drivers.
Skip to main content. This browser is no longer supported. This section describes audio miniport driver interfaces and explains how to develop adapter drivers for audio hardware whose registers are directly accessible to the system processor over a system bus. This documentation does not discuss how to support audio devices that reside on an external bus.
The following discussion assumes that the reader is familiar with kernel streaming KS concepts. For background information, see Kernel Streaming. The WDM audio driver model divides the implementation of a KS filter into port and miniport drivers that are complementary but separate. This division makes audio hardware drivers easier to write by isolating generic filter-implementation issues from device-specific hardware-interface issues.
Hardware vendors write miniport drivers to directly control their hardware devices, but the port drivers that implement the KS filters are provided with the operating system. Here is how to update WAN Miniport driver. Step 1: Click the Search icon from Taskbar, type device manager, and click the relevant search result to open this app. Step 4: After that, you can choose the Search automatically for updated driver software option, and Windows will search your computer and the Internet for the latest driver software for your device.
If there is a newer update, it will be downloaded and installed automatically. Then, update your Windows to check if the problem still exists. Sometimes, you may encounter WAN Miniport driver issues when using it.
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